Questions
1. Where was the first recorded Psychodrama and what year was it done?
1. Where was the first recorded Psychodrama and what year was it done?
2. Moreno interacted with children at a park in Vienna.
a. What was the name of the park?
b. What was the year in which he first did this?
c. What was the significance of this in Moreno history?
d. What did this interaction with children lead to?
3. What was the significance of Kömodienhaus?
4. What is the date of the first edition of Who Shall Survive?, Moreno's seminal work.
The answers to the questions above can be found in Who Shall Survive? by J. L. Moreno and/or in Rene Marineau's Jacob Levy Moreno 1889-1974, the only unbiased, un-glorified, well-researched biography of Moreno.Who Shall Survive? can be found online at ASGPP.org, click on Library. Pages xiii through cviii contain a lot of historical information.
Take some time to think about them and then scroll down to the answers below.
Answers
1. Many people believe that April 1, 1921 marks the first psychodrama at the
Kömodienhaus, .
It was not.
Marineau wrote (pages 67-68) "In or around 1921, he met a patient who was instrumental in teaching him something about mental health.… He [the patient] wanted Moreno to help him die and asked him to be a partner in his suicide…" Moreno and Marianne, Moreno's love interest, helped the client act out various scenarios relating to the patient's desire for death. "Here, Moreno is giving psychodramatic treatment for the first time."
2. Moreno interacted with children at a park in Vienna.
d. What did this interaction with children lead to?
There is a good amount of confusion in Who Shall Survive?. The following headings he used will tax you. They are listed in the order found in the book. He did not list these and other headings in strict chronological order:
1910, Genesis of Psychodrama
1911, Genesis of Spontaneity
1912, Genesis of Sociometry
1911, The Psychodrama of God, the Axiodrama
1914, Definition of Psychodrama [Good for a laugh.]
1913-1914, Genesis of Group Psychotherapy
The question to ask: Did he create these at the dates given above or did he apply later thinking to previous happenings? One heading that is accurate is the last. He was the first to do true group psychotherapy; where participants interacted from the start (pages xxviii-xxx.) There were groups of eight to ten prostitutes that met two or three times a week. It wasn't until 1932 that the term, "group psychotherapy" was used.
Marineau wrote (pages 67-68) "In or around 1921, he met a patient who was instrumental in teaching him something about mental health.… He [the patient] wanted Moreno to help him die and asked him to be a partner in his suicide…" Moreno and Marianne, Moreno's love interest, helped the client act out various scenarios relating to the patient's desire for death. "Here, Moreno is giving psychodramatic treatment for the first time."
2. Moreno interacted with children at a park in Vienna.
a. What was the name of the park?
The Augarten. (Moreno, p. xviii)
The Augarten. (Moreno, p. xviii)
b. What was the year in which he first did this?
1911
1911
c. What was the significance of this in Moreno history?
As Marineau wrote (p. 39), " Moreno not only told stories. He played games with the children, games that called upon children's spontaneity, but also challenged the values inherited from their parents and teachers." Too much is read into the Augarten anecdote. Answers given on some CP and TEP exams were that this was the beginning of psychodrama, the beginning of sociometry, or was were Moreno developed spontaneity theory. Neither Moreno nor Marineau make mention of these three items.
Can we liken Moreno's position in front of or on the limb of the tree as being on a stage? Of course, but it was 10 years later before psychodrama came about. And where would you naturally stand if running a group for children in such a park? Moreno (p. xviii) does mention that his choosing the theater over religion was idée fixe. As Marineau wrote (p. 39), " Moreno not only told stories. He played games with the children, games that called upon children's spontaneity, but also challenged the values inherited from their parents and teachers." Too much is read into the Augarten anecdote. Answers given on some CP and TEP exams were that this was the beginning of psychodrama, the beginning of sociometry, or was were Moreno developed spontaneity theory. Neither Moreno nor Marineau make mention of these three items.
d. What did this interaction with children lead to?
3. What was the significance of Kömodienhaus?
Marineau (p.71), "From a historical standpoint, the evening of 1 April 1921 was the first demonstration of what Moreno called sociodrama."
4. What is the date of the first edition of Who Shall Survive?, Moreno's seminal work.
The first edition was 1934. Many people use the 1953 date of the second edition. This is unfortunate because it does not acknowledge Moreno until almost twenty year later. This allows others to slip in and take credit for portions of his work.There is a good amount of confusion in Who Shall Survive?. The following headings he used will tax you. They are listed in the order found in the book. He did not list these and other headings in strict chronological order:
1910, Genesis of Psychodrama
1911, Genesis of Spontaneity
1912, Genesis of Sociometry
1911, The Psychodrama of God, the Axiodrama
1914, Definition of Psychodrama [Good for a laugh.]
1913-1914, Genesis of Group Psychotherapy
The question to ask: Did he create these at the dates given above or did he apply later thinking to previous happenings? One heading that is accurate is the last. He was the first to do true group psychotherapy; where participants interacted from the start (pages xxviii-xxx.) There were groups of eight to ten prostitutes that met two or three times a week. It wasn't until 1932 that the term, "group psychotherapy" was used.
Do you know what happened during that year?
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